Restorative dentistry refers to any dental procedure that repairs or replaces a tooth. Restorative procedures include cavity fillings, root canals, and even dental implants. There can be two goals in restorative dentistry: to restore the function of the teeth and to restore the appearance of the teeth. This is by far the most common restorative dental procedure. When bacteria burrow into the enamel (the hard outer layer) of your tooth and create a hole (known as a cavity) it needs to be filled to protect the soft pulp inside. In a cavity filling procedure, the dentist will remove the damaged part of the tooth and fill the hole with composite material that is the same color as your tooth. This filling will prevent the bacteria from continuing to infect the tooth. A root canal procedure may be required when a cavity goes deep enough into the tooth that it exposes the soft pulp inside the tooth. Sometimes a root canal is needed after an injury to the tooth. Usually, the reason for a root canal is that the inside of the tooth is infected. During a root canal procedure, the dentist will clean out all of the soft pulp from inside the tooth and the root canal, rinse out the infection, and fill the inside of the tooth with composite material like what is used in a cavity filling. Once the inside is filled it can no longer become infected and the tooth is saved.
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